Chromium, specifically, has been widely studied and implemented because the passivating chromium oxide film formed during oxidation can be highly corrosion resistant 1, 2, 3, 4. Oxidation can occur at different temperatures, altering point defect types and concentrations, which play an important role in corrosion. Oxidation and corrosion of metals and alloys has been studied for decades because of their technological importance. Together, the results suggest anion oxygen interstitials and chromium vacancy cluster complexes drive transport in an oxidizing environment at this temperature, providing invaluable insight into the mechanisms that regulate corrosion. EIS found that the longer oxidized material was more electrochemically stable and that, while all oxides displayed p-type character, the thicker oxide had an overall lower charge carrier density. PAS revealed that the longer the oxidation time, there was an overall reduction in vacancy-type defects, though chromium monovacancies were not found in either case. TEM showed that the oxide was thicker with longer oxidation times and that, for the thicker oxides, voids formed at the metal/oxide interface. A comprehensive set of characterization techniques targeted characteristics of chromium oxide microstructure and chemical composition analysis. Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.The oxidation of chromium in air at 700 ☌ was investigated with a focus on point defect behavior and transport during oxide layer growth. ![]() Please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page. In a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) If you want to reproduce the whole article If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figuresĪnd diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. Provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the This work not only introduces a new strategy to produce efficient and stable electrocatalysts, but also indicates their potential use in industrial electrolyzers.Ī robust chromium–iridium oxide catalyst for high-current–density acidic oxygen evolution in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers The corresponding electricity cost of hydrogen production is calculated to be US$0.87 per kg of H 2, which fulfills the requirement of the US Department of Energy by 2026 (US$2.0 per kg of H 2). A proton exchange membrane electrolyzer using this catalyst needs only 1.63 V to reach 1 A cm −2 and 1.73 V to reach 2 A cm −2 under industrial conditions. The electrocatalyst has an ultralow overpotential of 425 mV to reach 2 A cm −2 for acidic oxygen evolution and operates stably for 100 h with a negligible degradation rate at 1 A cm −2. Here, we report a chromium–iridium oxide electrocatalyst with strong coupling interfaces, endowing it with high activity and stability. ![]() ![]() However, the dissolution of electrocatalysts in oxidative acidic electrolytes results in performance degradation, especially at high current densities. ChinaĪdvanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UKĭeveloping electrocatalysts with superior activity and durability at high current densities is crucial for proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. Chinaįaculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, P. ChinaĮ-mail: Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350000, P. ChinaĮ-mail: Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.
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